Root canal treatment is the removal of inflamed dental pulp caused by deep decay, fracture or trauma, followed by the filling of the root canals. The aim is to keep the tooth in the mouth instead of extracting it.
When is it needed?
- Throbbing, spontaneous toothache that increases at night
- Prolonged, severe sensitivity to hot and cold
- An abscess, swelling or sinus tract on the gum
- A tooth that changes colour after trauma
- Cases where deep decay has reached the pulp
How is it done?
- The canal anatomy is assessed with radiographs and local anaesthesia is applied
- The tooth is isolated, decayed tissue is removed and the canals are accessed
- The canals are cleaned and shaped with files and disinfectant solutions
- The canals are sealed with a filling material
- A filling, or a crown where necessary, restores the tooth
Is it painful?
The treatment is performed under local anaesthesia and no pain is felt during the procedure. The widespread belief that root canal treatment hurts comes from the inflammatory pain present before treatment starts. Mild tenderness for a few days afterwards is possible and is controlled with simple painkillers.
How many sessions does it take?
Simple cases can be completed in a single session. Teeth with intense inflammation, more canals or curved canals may require two or three sessions.
After the treatment
A root treated tooth has lost its vital tissue and is more prone to fracture. Placing a crown, particularly on back teeth, extends the life of the tooth. Until the permanent restoration is complete, avoid chewing hard food on that side and keep your review appointments.
Frequently asked questions
How long does a root treated tooth last?
With a suitable restoration and continued oral care the tooth can stay functional for many years.
Will the tooth darken?
Some teeth change colour over time; this can be corrected aesthetically with whitening or a crown.
See our root canal treatment page for more detail.
